Abstract
Background: The orthodontic treatment of impacted maxillary canine is a major challenge for orthodontics, the treatment of which usually requires an interdisciplinary approach. If treatment is not initiated, there is always a risk of retention and also resorption of the roots of permanent incisors.
Aim: The objective of this study was to assess the orthodontic treatment of impacted maxillary canines in Moroccan patients.
The PIDAQ was cross-culturally adapted into Malay version by forward- and backwards-translation processes,
followed by psychometric validation
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 34 consecutive patients with impacted maxillary canines (23 females and 11 males) aged 9- 36 years (mean 21 years) from December 2015 to February 2016. Our analysis incorporated patients’ files, including clinical observation, X-ray imaging and iconography of good quality of patients. All the data were collected from an information collection sheet by a single operator. The assessment of the degree of difficulty of disinclusion of impacted teeth was revealed following the sector and angulation methods.
Results: The circumstances in which inclusions were found were dominated (58.8%) by the reason for consultation in relation to delayed eruption or persistence of deciduous canine teeth. 61.9% of practitioners considered the difficulty of traction of the canines in this series as moderate to difficult. The assessment of the difficulty of placement of the retained teeth was revealed by 2 methods: (1) sector and (2) angulation methods. The sector technique showed that the majority of patients (52.9%) revealed canine inclusions in sector 4. The angulation method ranged from 21° to 82° with an average of 55.9°. The failure rate of placement represented 23.5%.
Conclusion: The successful management of impacted canine requires close cooperation of oral surgeons and orthodontists. In this study, successful treatment was possible in approximately 76.5% of impacted canines and the sector method associated with the angulation method on the orthopantomogram could help orthodontists to assess the prognosis of included canines.

Key words: Impacted canines, diagnostic imaging, Radiography, Panoramic, Orthodontic Extrusion, orthodontic techniques, Corrective methods