Abstract
Introduction:
Ophthalmic pathology is a subspecialty of histopathology that deals with the diagnosis and characterization of eye diseases. Ophthalmic pathologists study tissues excised by ophthalmologists through evisceration, enucleation and other small biopsies. Ophthalmic lesions include a wide spectrum of lesions ranging from benign, and premalignant to malignant lesions. The diagnosis of these lesions is based on the clinical as well as histopathological features.
Aim:
This study was conducted to evaluate the histomorphological and clinicopathological spectrum of ophthalmic lesions at a tertiary care hospital.
Materials and Methods:
An observational prospective study was carried out in the Department of Pathology from January 2018 to September 2018. A total of 40 specimens of the orbit-ocular region were obtained from in-ward patients of the ophthalmology department. These were studied as per epidemiological and histomorphological data.
Results:
We studied a total of 40 histopathological specimens in the age group of 2 years to 82 years with a bimodal distribution. The male to female ratio was 2:1. Around 27.5% of lesions were seen in <20 years of age. Clinical diagnosis was not consistent with histopathological diagnosis in approximately 17.5% of cases. The non-neoplastic, benign, pre-malignant (OSSN), malignant lesions were 52.5%, 20%, 10%,17.5% respectively. Retinoblastoma (2 cases) and Uveal choroidal malignant melanoma (2 cases) formed 25% of all malignant lesions each, followed by Adenoid cystic carcinoma (1 case), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SSC) (1 case) and Sebaceous carcinoma (1 case).
Conclusion:
1. OSSN is a low-grade malignancy with an overall good prognosis. The most common prognostic factor is the presence of neoplastic cells in the margin, hence an early diagnosis by histopathology can prevent a recurrence.
2. 17.5% of cases do not show a clinicohistopathological correlation. This suggests that histopathology is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of ocular lesions.

Key words: Eviseration, Enucleation, Squamous Cell carcinoma, Retinoblastoma