Visual impairment in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus in comparison with non diabetic population in a suburban area of Tamilnadu, India

Sannasi Latha; Yoga Preethi

doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.VisualimpairmentinType2Diabetesmellitusincomparisonwithnondiabeticpopulation

Abstract
Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with increased prevalence is associated with complications in the eyes. Visual impairment arises as a result of a correctable or an uncorrectable factor. The refractive errors, one of the correctable factors can be effectively resolved. The present study was conducted to compare the visual acuity in T2DM and nondiabetic subjects and also to evaluate the association between plasma glucose levels and visual impairment.
Subjects and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was conducted among the 180 T2DM patients and 160 non-diabetic patients and the visual acuity for distance vision were evaluated. The estimation of FPG (Fasting plasma glucose) and PPPG (Postprandial plasma glucose) were done among the study participants using standard methods.
Results: Among the T2DM patients the prevalence of mild and moderate visual impairment was found to be 25% and 45%. Meanwhile, in non-diabetic participants, the prevalence of mild and moderate visual impairment was 11% and 18%. No severe or blind case was reported. Visual acuity of both the eyes showed a positive correlation with the FPG (p<0.05) fasting and PPPG (p<0.05) levels. The overall prevalence of visual impairment among T2DM was 70% and in non-diabetics, it was 29%.
Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased prevalence of visual impairment in comparison with the non-diabetic population

Key words: Visual impairment, Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, FPG, PPPG ETDRS chart

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