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Case Report 


Diagnostic problems and risk factors of bullous emphysema in young adult

I Putu Sistawidyautama, IM Bagiada.

Abstract
Bullous emphysema is a condition with the appearance of pathological bullae in the lungs caused by chronic obstruction of the airways. Bullae itself is thin-walled, air-filled pathological spaces, located in the lung parenchyma. It can be caused by congenital or genetic disease without previous lung disease or complications from COPD. Under special conditions, bullae can appear at a young age with several risk factors and underlying causes, such as COPD at a young age, genetic disorders, and cystic fibrosis. Several diseases that lead to COPD at a young age are Asthma in children, Recurrent Wheezing Infants (RWI), Broncho Pulmonary Dysplasia (BPD), Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD), Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis (NCFB), Plastic Bronchitis (PB), cystic fibrosis, and Bronchiolitis Obliterans (BO). A 25 year-old-woman with bullous emphysema causing a spontaneous pneumothorax, with suspected cyst rupture was reported. Among all lung diseases that can cause bullous emphysema at a young age, cystic fibrosis is the closest to our case. It needs further examination such as chromosome test and chloride sweat test analysis, and the possibility of Alfa-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency, cannot be ruled out.

Key words: Bullous emphysema, Young adult, Cystic fibrosis, Alfa-1 antitrypsin


 
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Pubmed Style

Sistawidyautama IP, Bagiada I. Diagnostic problems and risk factors of bullous emphysema in young adult. Int J Med Rev Case Rep. 2021; 5(5): 91-96. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.bulous-emphysema-172-1605323962

Web Style

Sistawidyautama IP, Bagiada I. Diagnostic problems and risk factors of bullous emphysema in young adult. https://www.mdpub.net/?mno=451 [Access: May 27, 2023]. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.bulous-emphysema-172-1605323962

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Sistawidyautama IP, Bagiada I. Diagnostic problems and risk factors of bullous emphysema in young adult. Int J Med Rev Case Rep. 2021; 5(5): 91-96. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.bulous-emphysema-172-1605323962


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Sistawidyautama IP, Bagiada I. Diagnostic problems and risk factors of bullous emphysema in young adult. Int J Med Rev Case Rep. (2021), [cited May 27, 2023]; 5(5): 91-96. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.bulous-emphysema-172-1605323962


Harvard Style

Sistawidyautama, I. P. & Bagiada, . I. (2021) Diagnostic problems and risk factors of bullous emphysema in young adult. Int J Med Rev Case Rep, 5 (5), 91-96. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.bulous-emphysema-172-1605323962


Turabian Style

Sistawidyautama, I Putu, and IM Bagiada. 2021. Diagnostic problems and risk factors of bullous emphysema in young adult. International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports, 5 (5), 91-96. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.bulous-emphysema-172-1605323962


Chicago Style

Sistawidyautama, I Putu, and IM Bagiada. "Diagnostic problems and risk factors of bullous emphysema in young adult." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 5 (2021), 91-96. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.bulous-emphysema-172-1605323962


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Sistawidyautama, I Putu, and IM Bagiada. "Diagnostic problems and risk factors of bullous emphysema in young adult." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 5.5 (2021), 91-96. Print. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.bulous-emphysema-172-1605323962


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Sistawidyautama, I. P. & Bagiada, . I. (2021) Diagnostic problems and risk factors of bullous emphysema in young adult. International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports, 5 (5), 91-96. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.bulous-emphysema-172-1605323962


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