E-ISSN 2534-9821
 

Review Article
Online Published: 23 Jan 2022
 


The Cytotoxicity of Suilysin, the Pore-Forming Toxin of Streptococcus suis on the Central Nervous System Cells

Tjokorda Istri Pramitasuri, Ni Made Susilawathi, AA Raka Sudewi.


Abstract
Streptococcus suis (S. suis)-induced meningitis is a catastrophic neurological disorder with high morbidity rates. Several studies have mentioned that Suilysin (SLY), the only toxin of S. suis, interacts with the cells in either human or swine Central Nervous System (CNS) cells and trigger destructing inflammatory events in them. However, the pathogenesis of cytotoxicity is currently an unresolved question. This review highlights current literature emphasizing the role of SLY in causing cytotoxicity of Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (BMEC), Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells (CPEC), and astrocytes along with the proposed pathological mechanisms. SLY has been considered to be the key player in various pathological mechanisms related to CNS cell death, including alteration of tight junction, barrier integrity, inflammatory response, and activation of RhoA GTPase as the newly recognized mechanism. These findings should be taken into consideration in order to design novel therapeutic options for S. suis meningitis. Although the exact mechanism of SLY-induced cytotoxicity is still plausible, the possible neurobiological pathways may further help to dissect the biological role of SLY during S. suis meningitis.

Key words: Suilysin, Streptococcus suis, Cytotoxicity, Central Nervous System, Meningitis


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Pramitasuri TI, Susilawathi NM, Sudewi AR. The Cytotoxicity of Suilysin, the Pore-Forming Toxin of Streptococcus suis on the Central Nervous System Cells. Int J Med Rev Case Rep. 2022; 6(5): 1-6. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.CytotoxicityofSuilysinthePore-FormingToxin


Web Style

Pramitasuri TI, Susilawathi NM, Sudewi AR. The Cytotoxicity of Suilysin, the Pore-Forming Toxin of Streptococcus suis on the Central Nervous System Cells. https://www.mdpub.net/?mno=28415 [Access: October 13, 2024]. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.CytotoxicityofSuilysinthePore-FormingToxin


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Pramitasuri TI, Susilawathi NM, Sudewi AR. The Cytotoxicity of Suilysin, the Pore-Forming Toxin of Streptococcus suis on the Central Nervous System Cells. Int J Med Rev Case Rep. 2022; 6(5): 1-6. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.CytotoxicityofSuilysinthePore-FormingToxin



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Pramitasuri TI, Susilawathi NM, Sudewi AR. The Cytotoxicity of Suilysin, the Pore-Forming Toxin of Streptococcus suis on the Central Nervous System Cells. Int J Med Rev Case Rep. (2022), [cited October 13, 2024]; 6(5): 1-6. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.CytotoxicityofSuilysinthePore-FormingToxin



Harvard Style

Pramitasuri, T. I., Susilawathi, . N. M. & Sudewi, . A. R. (2022) The Cytotoxicity of Suilysin, the Pore-Forming Toxin of Streptococcus suis on the Central Nervous System Cells. Int J Med Rev Case Rep, 6 (5), 1-6. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.CytotoxicityofSuilysinthePore-FormingToxin



Turabian Style

Pramitasuri, Tjokorda Istri, Ni Made Susilawathi, and AA Raka Sudewi. 2022. The Cytotoxicity of Suilysin, the Pore-Forming Toxin of Streptococcus suis on the Central Nervous System Cells. International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports, 6 (5), 1-6. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.CytotoxicityofSuilysinthePore-FormingToxin



Chicago Style

Pramitasuri, Tjokorda Istri, Ni Made Susilawathi, and AA Raka Sudewi. "The Cytotoxicity of Suilysin, the Pore-Forming Toxin of Streptococcus suis on the Central Nervous System Cells." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 6 (2022), 1-6. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.CytotoxicityofSuilysinthePore-FormingToxin



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Pramitasuri, Tjokorda Istri, Ni Made Susilawathi, and AA Raka Sudewi. "The Cytotoxicity of Suilysin, the Pore-Forming Toxin of Streptococcus suis on the Central Nervous System Cells." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 6.5 (2022), 1-6. Print. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.CytotoxicityofSuilysinthePore-FormingToxin



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Pramitasuri, T. I., Susilawathi, . N. M. & Sudewi, . A. R. (2022) The Cytotoxicity of Suilysin, the Pore-Forming Toxin of Streptococcus suis on the Central Nervous System Cells. International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports, 6 (5), 1-6. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.CytotoxicityofSuilysinthePore-FormingToxin