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Review Article
Online Published: 21 Jul 2019
 


Why did Chikungunya Return with a Vengeance?

Hemant Jain, Kaushik Bharati.


Abstract
Chikungunya (CHIK) is a mosquito-borne viral disease that is spread by the bite of Aedes mosquitoes. It is caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The disease was first reported from Tanzania in 1952. Since then, outbreaks have been reported from many parts of the globe. The first Indian outbreak was reported in 1963 from Kolkata, followed by others up till 1973. Then, after a gap of 32 years, it re-emerged in 2005 in an explosive outbreak in several Indian states. Several factors have impacted on the re-emergence of CHIK. These include rapid urbanization, increased air travel, loss of herd immunity, climate change, and a mutation in the E1 gene of CHIKV.

Key words: Chikungunya (CHIK), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), CHIK re-emergence, CHIK outbreaks


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Jain H, Bharati K. Why did Chikungunya Return with a Vengeance?. Int J Med Rev Case Rep. 2019; 3(9): 609-612. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.Chikungunya-Return-with-Vengeance

Web Style

Jain H, Bharati K. Why did Chikungunya Return with a Vengeance?. https://www.mdpub.net/?mno=57815 [Access: April 02, 2025]. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.Chikungunya-Return-with-Vengeance

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Jain H, Bharati K. Why did Chikungunya Return with a Vengeance?. Int J Med Rev Case Rep. 2019; 3(9): 609-612. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.Chikungunya-Return-with-Vengeance


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Jain H, Bharati K. Why did Chikungunya Return with a Vengeance?. Int J Med Rev Case Rep. (2019), [cited April 02, 2025]; 3(9): 609-612. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.Chikungunya-Return-with-Vengeance


Harvard Style

Jain, H. & Bharati, . K. (2019) Why did Chikungunya Return with a Vengeance?. Int J Med Rev Case Rep, 3 (9), 609-612. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.Chikungunya-Return-with-Vengeance


Turabian Style

Jain, Hemant, and Kaushik Bharati. 2019. Why did Chikungunya Return with a Vengeance?. International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports, 3 (9), 609-612. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.Chikungunya-Return-with-Vengeance


Chicago Style

Jain, Hemant, and Kaushik Bharati. "Why did Chikungunya Return with a Vengeance?." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 3 (2019), 609-612. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.Chikungunya-Return-with-Vengeance


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Jain, Hemant, and Kaushik Bharati. "Why did Chikungunya Return with a Vengeance?." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 3.9 (2019), 609-612. Print. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.Chikungunya-Return-with-Vengeance


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Jain, H. & Bharati, . K. (2019) Why did Chikungunya Return with a Vengeance?. International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports, 3 (9), 609-612. doi:10.5455/IJMRCR.Chikungunya-Return-with-Vengeance


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